Which term describes a group of very similar soils distinguished by specific soil characteristics?

The term that describes a group of very similar soils distinguished by specific soil characteristics is "soil series." This classification is crucial in soil science and land management because it helps in identifying and describing soils that have been formed under similar conditions and processes over time. A soil series typically shares similar physical and chemical properties, such as texture, color, and mineral content, making it important for agricultural practices, landscaping, and environmental assessments.

Understanding soil series allows professionals to predict how soils will behave in terms of drainage, erosion potential, nutrient availability, and other key factors that affect land use and management. This classification supports better decision-making for activities involving land development, farming, and conservation efforts.

The other options pertain to related concepts but do not specifically define groups of soils based on comprehensive similarities as soil series do.